{"id":159031,"date":"2021-07-21T09:13:52","date_gmt":"2021-07-21T07:13:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bandelin.com\/?post_type=docs&p=159031"},"modified":"2021-07-21T09:13:54","modified_gmt":"2021-07-21T07:13:54","password":"","slug":"begrebet-lyd","status":"publish","type":"docs","link":"https:\/\/bandelin.com\/da\/docs\/wissen\/der-begriff-des-schalls\/","title":{"rendered":"Begrebet lyd"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Lyd er trykb\u00f8lger, der kan udbrede sig i gasser, v\u00e6sker og faste stoffer, men ikke i vakuum. \u00c5rsagen er altid en lydkilde, som for\u00e5rsager en mekanisk deformation af transmissionsmediet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lydeffekterne i udbredelsesmediet afh\u00e6nger hovedsageligt af b\u00f8lgeformen, kildens intensitet og mediets type. For eksempel udbreder kun longitudinale b\u00f8lger sig i v\u00e6sker og gasser; det betyder, at lydb\u00f8lgerne for\u00e5rsager en periodisk skubbe- og tr\u00e6kfase i svingningsretningen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Inden for akustik skelner man mellem f\u00f8lgende frekvensomr\u00e5der.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Infralyd<\/p>\n\n\n\n

0 Hz < f < 20 Hz
Akustisk st\u00f8j<\/p>\n\n\n\n

16 Hz < f < 20 kHz
Ultralyd<\/p>\n\n\n\n

16 kHz < f < 1 GHz
Hypersonisk<\/p>\n\n\n\n

f > 500 MHz
1 Hz = 1 svingning pr. sekund = 1 Hertz<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ultralyd er betegnelsen for lydb\u00f8lger, der ligger over den menneskelige h\u00f8ret\u00e6rskel i et omr\u00e5de fra ca. 16 kHz til 1 GHz. Ultralyd kan ogs\u00e5 genereres med betydeligt mere energi, dvs. \"h\u00f8jere\" end h\u00f8rbar lyd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ultralydsapplikationer er groft inddelt i applikationer med sm\u00e5 signaler og effektlyd<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anvendelser med sm\u00e5 signaler: Intensitet 100 kHz<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anvendelser med kraftig lyd: Intensitet > 1 W\/cm\u00b2 og frekvens < 100 kHz<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Der er ogs\u00e5 applikationer, som ikke passer ind i dette skema:
Medicinsk behandling kr\u00e6ver lave frekvenser ved lave effektniveauer, mens wafer-industrien kr\u00e6ver h\u00f8je effektniveauer ved h\u00f8je frekvenser.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Af de ovenn\u00e6vnte anvendelsesomr\u00e5der har BANDELIN electronic specialiseret sig i<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reng\u00f8ring - Homogenisering - Medicinsk terapi<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Referencer<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

De f\u00f8lgende b\u00f8ger giver en overordnet pr\u00e6sentation af ultralyd. Derudover er der adskillige publikationer om individuelle ultralydsapplikationer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bergmann, Ludwig: Ultrasound and its applications in science and technology; Stuttgart 1954<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kuttruff, Heinrich: Ultralyds fysik og teknologi; Stuttgart 1988<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lehfeldt, Wilhelm: Ultralyd i en n\u00f8ddeskal; W\u00fcrzburg 1973<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Millner, Rudolf: Wissensspeicher Ultraschalltechnik; Leipzig 1987<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sorge, Georg og Hauptmann, Peter: Ultrasound in Science and Technology; Frankfurt a. M. 1985<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mit Schall bezeichnet man Druckwellen, die sich in Gasen, Fl\u00fcssigkeiten und Festk\u00f6rpern, nicht aber im Vakuum ausbreiten k\u00f6nnen. Die Ursache ist immer eine Schallquelle, die eine sich fortpflanzende mechanische Verformung des \u00dcbertragungsmediums bewirkt. Die Schallwirkungen im Ausbreitungsmedium h\u00e4ngen wesentlich von der Wellenform, der Intensit\u00e4t der Quelle und der Art des Mediums ab. So breiten sich […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"doc_category":[1926],"doc_tag":[],"class_list":["post-159031","docs","type-docs","status-publish","hentry","doc_category-wissen"],"acf":[],"year_month":"2026-10","word_count":290,"total_views":"70","reactions":{"happy":"0","normal":"0","sad":"0"},"author_info":{"name":"J Bandelin","author_nicename":"jobandelin","author_url":"https:\/\/bandelin.com\/da\/author\/jobandelin\/"},"doc_category_info":[{"term_name":"Grundlagenwissen Kavitation","term_url":"https:\/\/bandelin.com\/da\/docs-category\/wissen\/"}],"doc_tag_info":[],"yoast_head":"\nDer Begriff des Schalls | BANDELIN electronic GmbH & Co. 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