{"id":159031,"date":"2021-07-21T09:13:52","date_gmt":"2021-07-21T07:13:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bandelin.com\/?post_type=docs&p=159031"},"modified":"2021-07-21T09:13:54","modified_gmt":"2021-07-21T07:13:54","password":"","slug":"le-concept-du-son","status":"publish","type":"docs","link":"https:\/\/bandelin.com\/fr\/docs\/wissen\/der-begriff-des-schalls\/","title":{"rendered":"La notion de son"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Le son est une onde de pression qui peut se propager dans les gaz, les liquides et les solides, mais pas dans le vide. La cause est toujours une source sonore qui provoque une d\u00e9formation m\u00e9canique progressive du milieu de transmission.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les effets du son dans le milieu de propagation d\u00e9pendent essentiellement de la forme d'onde, de l'intensit\u00e9 de la source et de la nature du milieu. Ainsi, dans les liquides et les gaz, seules les ondes longitudinales se propagent ; cela signifie que les ondes sonores provoquent une phase p\u00e9riodique de compression et de traction dans le sens de la vibration.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En acoustique, on distingue les plages de fr\u00e9quences suivantes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Infrasonique<\/p>\n\n\n\n

0 Hz < f < 20 Hz
Bruit auditif<\/p>\n\n\n\n

16 Hz < f < 20 kHz
Ultrasons<\/p>\n\n\n\n

16 kHz < f < 1 GHz
Hypersonique<\/p>\n\n\n\n

f > 500 MHz
1 Hz = 1 oscillation par seconde = 1 hertz<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les ultrasons sont des ondes sonores au-dessus de la limite d'audibilit\u00e9 de l'homme, dans une plage d'environ 16 kHz \u00e0 1 GHz. Les ultrasons peuvent en outre \u00eatre g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9s de mani\u00e8re beaucoup plus \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique, c'est-\u00e0-dire plus \"bruyante\", que les sons audibles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les applications ultrasonores sont grossi\u00e8rement divis\u00e9es en applications \u00e0 faible signal et en applications de puissance<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Applications \u00e0 faible signal : Intensit\u00e9 100 kHz<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Applications sonores de puissance : Intensit\u00e9 > 1 W\/cm\u00b2 et fr\u00e9quence < 100 kHz<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Il existe \u00e9galement des applications qui ne correspondent pas \u00e0 ce sch\u00e9ma :
La th\u00e9rapie m\u00e9dicale n\u00e9cessite des fr\u00e9quences basses \u00e0 des puissances faibles, tandis que l'industrie des tranches de silicium requiert des puissances \u00e9lev\u00e9es \u00e0 des fr\u00e9quences \u00e9lev\u00e9es.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Parmi les domaines d'application mentionn\u00e9s ci-dessus, BANDELIN electronic est sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9 dans<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nettoyage - Homog\u00e9n\u00e9isation - Th\u00e9rapie m\u00e9dicale<\/p>\n\n\n\n

R\u00e9f\u00e9rences bibliographiques<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les ouvrages suivants donnent une vue d'ensemble des ultrasons. Il existe \u00e9galement un grand nombre de publications sur les applications individuelles des ultrasons.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bergmann, Ludwig : Der Ultraschall und seine Anwendungen in Wissenschaft und Technik (Les ultrasons et leurs applications dans les domaines scientifique et technique) ; Stuttgart 1954<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kuttruff, Heinrich : Physik und Technik des Ultrasons ; Stuttgart 1988<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lehfeldt, Wilhelm : Ultraschall kurz und b\u00fcndig ; W\u00fcrzburg 1973<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Millner, Rudolf : Wissensspeicher Ultraschalltechnik ; Leipzig 1987<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sorge, Georg et Hauptmann, Peter : Ultrasons dans la science et la technologie ; Francfort-sur-le-Main 1985<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mit Schall bezeichnet man Druckwellen, die sich in Gasen, Fl\u00fcssigkeiten und Festk\u00f6rpern, nicht aber im Vakuum ausbreiten k\u00f6nnen. Die Ursache ist immer eine Schallquelle, die eine sich fortpflanzende mechanische Verformung des \u00dcbertragungsmediums bewirkt. Die Schallwirkungen im Ausbreitungsmedium h\u00e4ngen wesentlich von der Wellenform, der Intensit\u00e4t der Quelle und der Art des Mediums ab. So breiten sich […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"doc_category":[1926],"doc_tag":[],"class_list":["post-159031","docs","type-docs","status-publish","hentry","doc_category-wissen"],"acf":[],"year_month":"2026-11","word_count":290,"total_views":"97","reactions":{"happy":"0","normal":"0","sad":"0"},"author_info":{"name":"J Bandelin","author_nicename":"jobandelin","author_url":"https:\/\/bandelin.com\/fr\/author\/jobandelin\/"},"doc_category_info":[{"term_name":"Grundlagenwissen Kavitation","term_url":"https:\/\/bandelin.com\/fr\/docs-category\/wissen\/"}],"doc_tag_info":[],"yoast_head":"\nDer Begriff des Schalls | BANDELIN electronic GmbH & Co. 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